Working Group I.2 of IAGA - Electromagnetic Induction in the Earth ================================================================== Electronic Newsletter #15: December 1996 ---------------------------------------- Previous newsletters: enews.Oct92 - 1st enews.Jan93 - 2nd enews.Feb93 - 3rd enews.Oct93 - 4th enews.Feb94 - 5th enews.Mar94 - 6th enews.Jun94 - 7th enews.Aug94 - 8th enews.Sep94 - 9th enews.Jun95 - 10th enews.Oct95 - 11th enews.Dec95 - 12th enews.Jun96 - 13th enews2.Jun96 - 14th enews.Dec96 - 15th (this one) This is the fifteenth electronic newsletter for our group. A newsletter will be sent around when there is enough material, or a special event about to come up, to warrant distribution. Not all of us in the working group have access to an email address; if you are aware of colleagues who are not likely to receive this newsletter, please give them a paper copy (but chastise them for using trees instead of electrons). Also, please forward this to colleagues who may not yet be on my email list and ask them to forward their address to me. Copies of previous electronic newsletters can be obtained from either the MTNet WWW site or by anonymous ftp login to www.cg.nrcan.gc.ca in directory pub/mtnet/docs. Please submit any comments/articles/news-items/gossip/corrections to jones@cg.nrcan.gc.ca I would particularly like to include sections in future on new research directions, MT work that is having a significant impact, and papers to read. Contents: >>>15.1 New research directions: mantle electrical anisotropy >>>15.2 MT work in the news: Tibetan plateau >>>15.3 TS-format: Proposed time series format >>>15.4 MTNet update >>>15.5 MTNet usage statistics >>>15.6 Positions vacant >>>15.6.1 Visiting Professor Positions at ERI >>>15.6.2 Graduate Studentship: Queen's University, Canada >>>15.6.3 Graduate Studentship: Syracuse University, U.S.A. >>>Appendix: Email list -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>>15.1 New research directions: mantle electrical anisotropy ============================================================= The work led by Marianne Mareschal showed a strong anisotropy in electrical conductivity in the upper mantle beneath part of the Superior craton (Mareschal et al., 1995). These results have recently been compared with seismic SKS measurements (Senechal et al., 1996), and the observed obliquity between them has been interpreted as indicative of movement sense in the mantle (Ji et al., 1996). Although the hypothesis of Ji et al. is controversial, and is based on the interpretations of the observed electrical and seismic anisotropies, I think it is important for us to test it by collecting other mantle MT observations co-located with seismic SKS estimates. If more data are consistent with Ji's hypothesis, then MT becomes a very powerful tool to use in conjunction with passive seismology for determining information about the age and deformation history of the sub-crustal lithosphere. I would encourage you to read these articles, and I would appreciate obtaining information from you of any observations that you may have that we can compile into a global database. This may lead to a multi-authored paper on the subject. Ji, S., S. Rondenay, M. Mareschal and G. Senechal, 1996, Obliquity between seismic and electrical anisotropies as a potential indicator of movement sense for ductile mantle shear zones, Geology, 24, 1033-1036. Mareschal, M., Kellett, R.L., Kurtz, R.D., Ludden, J.N. and Bailey, R.C., 1995, Archean cratonic roots, mantle shear zones and deep electrical anisotropy, Nature, 373, 134-137. Senechal, G., Rondenay, S., Mareschal, M., Guilbert, J. and Poupinet, G., 1996 Seismic and electrical anisotropies in the lithosphere across the Grenville Front, Canada, Geophys. Res. Lett., 23, 2255-2258. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>>15.2 MT work in the news: Tibetan plateau ============================================ The December issue of SCIENCE contains a section of five papers describing the INDEPTH experiment on the Tibetan Plateau. INDEPTH is a multi- institutional, multi-disciplinary, international project spearheaded by Doug Nelson of Syracuse University. The two seismic experiments (1992 and 1994) were followed by an MT experiment in 1995. The two long-standing end-member models previously contested for India-Asia collision were the "Argand" model, proposed by Emile Argand in 1924, whereby Indian crust underplates Asian crust rigidly all the way to the northern edge of the plateau, and the "Dewey and Burke" model, proposed by John Dewey and Kevin Burke in 1973, whereby India acts like a snowplough blade and Asia is shovelled up high. The new results do not support either of these models, but instead suggest that subducted Indian crust begins to melt about 100 km south of the mapped "suture" zone on the surface - the Zangbo suture along the Indus-Zangbo river. The zone of mid-crustal partial melt is imaged in the crust as far north as the surveys proceeded, to about 200 km north of the suture zone (to Nam Tso [tso=lake), which is the highest lake in the world). Pockets of melt accumulation were imaged both electrically and seismically at a depth of around 15 km beneath the graben system. The town of Lhasa, which is the capital of Tibet, is powered by a geothermal power plant operating in the graben. Additionally, both the electrical and seismic images suggest that, contrary to geological belief, the Zangbo suture is a rather weak feature, on the scale of Tibetan tectonics, and does not penetrate any deeper than about 8-10 km. These results coming out in SCIENCE have provoked a lot of media interest. You can obtain the SCIENCE articles from URL: http://www.sciencemag.org/science/content/current/ You can obtain more information about INDEPTH from URL: http://www.geo.cornell.edu/geology/indepth/indepth.html -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>>15.3 TS-format: Proposed time series format ============================================== Although there is now a widely-accepted (and sometimes used) international format for the distribution of MT spectra and impedances, the EDI format (see the MTNet page on EDI format), there is no such format for the distribution of MT time series. To meet the requirements of differing data sources within the MT group of the GSC, I have developed the "TS-format" for use with our LIMS processing codes. The format is quite simple to transcribe data into, and is general enough that other data, such as temperatures or battery voltages, can also be included. Below is a description of it. Note that it copies the J-format for impedances, with a Comment Block followed by an Information Block, followed by the data. I would appreciate receiving feedback on this format, as it may be a step towards an international standard. TS Format v1.0 --------- A G Jones: Ottawa: 12 June 1996 Time Series format for input to LIMS processing codes. Each time series file contains three sections. A comment block, an information block, and a data block. The file can either be in plain ASCII, or in formatted or unformatted BINARY. The channel order used is: Hx, Hy, Hz, Ex, Ey. This can be made more flexible if there is sufficient demand. COMMENT BLOCK: ============== At the beginning of each data file, as many comment lines as required can be written. Each line must begin with the hash (#) mark. None of this information is read by the reading routine. Example:- # Time series file: # # Site info: Phoenix site 401 # # V5 acquisition system 9323 # # Ex length: 133 # Ey length: 135 # Ex azimuth: 12 True North # Ey azimuth: 102 True North # Hx azimuth: 12 True North # If the file is BINARY/UNFORMATTED, then each line should be 80 characters long. Information that should be included in the comment block pertain to the filtering systems used. INFORMATION BLOCK: ================== This block contains information about the site co-ordinates and site orientation, and other pertinent information. Each line must begin with a "greater-than" (>) sign, followed by a recognized keyword. After the keyword is either an equals (=) sign, or a colon (:), followed by a numeric value or alphabetic word The following keywords are currently supported:- STATION the station name. 6-character alphanumberic WINDOW the data window. 8-character alphanumeric (usually 6-station name plus two trailing identifiers) LATITUDE site latitude in degrees and decimals LONGITUDE site longitude in degrees and decimals ELEVATION site elevation in metres FORM Data form. Either ASCII or BINARY FORMAT Data format. Either UNFORMATTED for FORM=BINARY or a format statement for FORM=ASCII e.g., FREE or (5g15.5) NCHAN Number of data channels CHAN_i the channel name of the i'th data channel AZIM_i the azimuth of the i'th data channel UNITS_i the units of the data of the i'th data channel GAIN_i the gain of the i'th data channel (usually 1.) BASELINE_i the baseline of the i'th data magnetic channel DELTA_T digitizing rate T_UNITS units of DELTA_T. Either "HZ" or "s" STARTTIME the data starttime, in 12-char format yymmddhhmnss MIS_DATA missing data value Example:- >STATION :tbt101 >WINDOW :tbt101ss >LATITUDE : 27.5281 >LONGITUDE : 88.9717 >ELEVATION : 0 >FORM :ASCII >FORMAT :FREE >NCHAN : 5 >CHAN_1 :HX >AZIM_1 : 45 >UNITS_1 :nT >GAIN_1 :1.0 >BASELINE_1: -30000. >CHAN_2 :HY >AZIM_2 : 135 >UNITS_2 :nT >GAIN_2 :1.0 >BASELINE_2: 20000. >CHAN_3 :HZ >AZIM_3 : 0. >UNITS_3 :nT >GAIN_3 :1.0 >BASELINE_3: -50000. >CHAN_4 :EX >AZIM_4 : 45 >UNITS_4 :mV/km >GAIN_4 :1.0 >CHAN_5 :EY >AZIM_5 : 135 >UNITS_5 :mV/km >GAIN_5 :1.0 >STARTTIME :950511090000 >T_UNITS :s >DELTA_T : 5.00000 >MIS_DATA : -999.999 If the file is BINARY/UNFORMATTED, then each line should be 80 characters long. DATA BLOCK: =========== The data follow, with one time instance per "line". Each line has NCHAN entries, in the channel order decribed in the information block. Example:- 1.98250 0.878400 3.64780 1.10889 2.02644 1.93980 0.976000 3.65390 1.15682 2.01610 1.90320 1.08580 3.66000 1.21346 1.99887 1.86050 1.21390 3.67220 1.28536 1.99887 1.81780 1.33590 3.68440 1.31586 2.00921 1.76290 1.40910 3.69050 1.25921 2.03678 1.70190 1.45180 3.70880 1.14157 2.08503 1.65920 1.49450 3.72100 1.11543 2.09881 1.64700 1.55550 3.72710 1.27664 2.05057 1.65920 1.64090 3.73930 1.44657 1.98164 1.68360 1.71410 3.74540 1.45964 1.95062 1.70190 1.75070 3.74540 1.38557 1.96785 1.70190 1.74460 3.73930 1.33546 2.00576 1.72020 1.72630 3.73930 1.30932 2.04023 1.72630 1.70190 3.73320 1.25486 2.07469 1.72630 1.69580 3.72710 1.21564 2.09192 1.74460 1.70800 3.72710 1.28536 2.06435 1.75680 1.74460 3.73320 1.40736 2.01266 1.76290 1.79340 3.74540 1.45746 1.99887 1.79340 1.82390 3.75150 1.42696 2.02299 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>>15.4 MTNet update ==================== Through MTNet, you can now get access to three processing codes, a 1D forward anisotropy code, two inverse codes, and a 3D forward code. Also, there are links to a magnetic activity forecast of the GSC's Geomagnetism Group, and to real-time magnetometer data recorded in Canada's auroral zone by the MARIA array of the Canadian Auroral Network for the Open Program Unified Study (CANOPUS). -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>>15.5 MTNet usage statistics ============================== MTNet has had a total of 2675 "hits" since the beginning of the year. By far the majority of those occurred in the summer months. There are almost as many hits on the weekend as there are on weekdays, with Wednesday being the day when most hits occur. Thanks to the global clock, the hit rate over a 24 hour period is quite constant, with most hits during the North American morning coffee break (10-11 am). Below is a list of domains that accessed MTNet by country:- 11161 : 5.07% : .edu (USA Educational) 10146 : 4.28% : .jp (Japan) 8376 : 3.75% : .ca (Canada) 4765 : 2.14% : .net (Network) 4491 : 1.78% : .de (Germany) 2543 : 1.08% : .uk (United Kingdom) 2574 : 0.95% : .au (Australia) 2783 : 0.95% : .se (Sweden) 1331 : 0.67% : .gov (USA Government) 1539 : 0.64% : .br (Brazil) 1156 : 0.51% : .fi (Finland) 1036 : 0.49% : .it (Italy) 1228 : 0.48% : .fr (France) 1064 : 0.39% : .ru (Russian Federation) 665 : 0.30% : .es (Spain) 737 : 0.27% : .gr (Greece) 541 : 0.27% : .ch (Switzerland) 414 : 0.19% : .kr (South Korea) 588 : 0.19% : .hu (Hungary) 417 : 0.19% : .su (Former USSR) 331 : 0.19% : .org (Non-Profit Making Organisations) 382 : 0.16% : .nl (Netherlands) 427 : 0.16% : .dk (Denmark) 338 : 0.16% : .pt (Portugal) 464 : 0.15% : .mx (Mexico) 225 : 0.15% : .us (United States) 308 : 0.14% : .tw (Taiwan) 223 : 0.10% : .no (Norway) 200 : 0.09% : .nz (New Zealand) 130 : 0.07% : .be (Belgium) 127 : 0.06% : .si (Slovenia) 134 : 0.06% : .at (Austria) 111 : 0.05% : .pl (Poland) 116 : 0.05% : .mil (USA Military) 94 : 0.05% : .cl (Chile) 100 : 0.04% : .cz (Czech Republic) 101 : 0.04% : .ar (Argentina) 101 : 0.04% : .cn (China) 93 : 0.04% : .il (Israel) 98 : 0.04% : .za (South Africa) 88 : 0.03% : .sg (Singapore) 52 : 0.02% : .in (India) 44 : 0.02% : .ie (Ireland) 31 : 0.02% : .arpa (Old style Arpanet) 33 : 0.02% : .pe (Peru) 31 : 0.02% : .tr (Turkey) 27 : 0.01% : .id (Indonesia) 30 : 0.01% : .co (Colombia) 19 : 0.01% : .ua (Ukraine) 11 : 0.01% : .kw (Kuwait) 15 : 0.01% : .bh (Bahrain) Its good to know that so many countries are taking advantage of the Internet to get access to MT information. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>>15.6 Positions vacant ======================== >>>15.6.1 Visiting Professor Positions at ERI ============================================= Earthquake Research Institute at the University of Tokyo invites applications for a few visiting professor positions. The duration of the appointment will be from 3 to 12 months. Successful applicants should arrive in Tokyo between April and December, 1997. Candidates in any area of geophysics (including, but not limited to, all areas of seismology, geodesy, geodynamics, mineral and rock physics, physics of earthquakes, tectonics, and volcanology), geochemistry and experimental petrology are encouraged to apply. The monthly stipend will be 450,000 yen or higher depending on qualifications. Round trip travel costs will be covered. A curriculum vitae including a list of publications and a one-page statement of proposed research activities should be e-mailed or mailed by November 15, 1996. Application letter should include the expected date of arrival to Japan, the desired duration of stay, the date and place of birth, sex, nationality/citizenship, current appointment and/or status, mailing address/telephone/fax/e-mail (office and home). Selection will be made by the end of November, 1996. Application letter should be sent to: Tomoko Murakami Research cooperation division Earthquake Research Institute The University of Tokyo 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113, Japan venus@eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp Fax: +81 (3) 3816 1159 >>>15.6.2 Graduate Studentship: Queen's University, Canada ========================================================== GRADUATE STUDENT OPPORTUNITY AT QUEEN'S UNIVERSITY KINGSTON, ONTARIO, CANADA Supervisors: Professor Colin Thomson, Queen's University Dr. Alan G Jones, Geological Survey of Canada A position is available for a graduate student to work on the general topic of geophysical characterization of cratons. Such studies, using new or refined high precision methods, are taking place on some selected cratons world-wide in order to derive, compare and contrast the geometry and physical parameters of cratons to understand their role in Archean plate tectonics. Primarily, the student will be involved in all aspects of deep probing electromagnetic studies of the Slave craton, both as part of the Lithoprobe SNORCLE transect activities and also as part of an NSERC Collaborative Grant activities. These aspects include data acquisition, processing, analysis, and interpretation. In addition, the student will be expected to become acquainted with the passive seismological experiments currently acquiring data on the Slave craton. The scientific objectives are:- O1. Mapping the base of the Slave craton's lithosphere using EM methods. O2. Comparing that depth, and its electrical parameters, with seismological estimates. O3. Determining if there is any measurable electrical anisotropy associated with the Slave craton as has been identified for parts of the Superior craton. O4. Comparing the geophysical results with those obtained from other cratons around the world. The two fundamental questions being addressed are:- Q1. Does the Slave have an identifiable electrical and seismological analogue to the rheological asthenosphere, as has been observed beneath some shield regions? If so, why? If not, why? Q2. Is the electrical anisotropy direction compatible with the seismological anisotropy direction? If so, why? If not, why? The student will expected to be comfortable with the physics and mathematics of electromagnetic induction. A good knowledge of relevant geological topics will be an asset. The student may register either for an M.Sc. or a Ph.D. degree. For the latter, demonstrated success, capability and commitment will be required. The preferred start date is Summer, 1997. For further information, please contact:- Dr. Alan G Jones Prof. Colin Thomson Geological Survey of Canada Dept. of Geological Sciences 1 Observatory Crescent Queen's University Ottawa, Ontario Kingston, Ontario Canada, K1A 0Y3 Canada, K7L 3N6 jones@cg.nrcan.gc.ca thomson@geol.queensu.ca (613) 992-4968 (613) 545-6178 >>>15.6.3 Graduate Studentship: Syracuse University, U.S.A. =========================================================== GRADUATE STUDENT OPPORTUNITY AT SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY SYRACUSE, NEW YORK, U.S.A. Supervisors: Dr. Alan G Jones, Geological Survey of Canada Prof. Doug Nelson, Syracuse University A position is available for a graduate student to work on Tibetan tectonics, primarily using the magnetotelluric method as an imaging tool. The Sino-US-Canada MT project conducted in 1995, involving scientists from the China University of Geosciences (Beijing), the University of Washington (Seattle) and the Geological Survey of Canada (Ottawa), showed that the style of continent-continent collision is different than expected, with significant melting of at least the southern portion of the Tibetan mid-crust (see Chen et al., 1996). We wish to follow that work up with extension to the north, and also very long period data acquisition across the Zangbo suture along a second transect, for mantle penetration. The student will be registered for a Master's degree at the University of Syracuse, where he/she will receive a broadly-based geoscientific education. The research component will involve participation in the main phase of the long period MT field program scheduled for Summer, 1998, followed by research, preferably based at the offices of the Geological Survey of Canada in Ottawa. Some of the research time may be spent at the University of Washington, Seattle, under the guidance of Professor Martyn Unsworth. The student will expected to be comfortable with the physics and mathematics of electromagnetic induction. A good knowledge of relevant geological topics will be an asset. The preferred start date is Summer, 1997. For further information, please contact:- Dr. Alan G Jones Prof. Doug Nelson Geological Survey of Canada Dept. of Earth Sciences 1 Observatory Crescent Syracuse University Ottawa, Ontario Syracuse, New York Canada, K1A 0Y3 U.S.A., 13244 jones@cg.nrcan.gc.ca kdnelson@mailbox.syr.edu (613) 992-4968 (315) 443-3626 Chen, L., J.R. Booker, A.G. Jones, N. Wu, M. Unsworth, W. Wei and H. Tan, 1996 Electrically conductive crust in southern Tibet from INDEPTH magnetotelluric surveying, Science, 274, 1694-1696. Current information on the MT part of the project can be found on: http://www.cg.NRCan.gc.ca/staff/jones/tibet.html and also on Cornell's Project INDEPTH home page on: http://www.geo.cornell.edu/geology/indepth/indepth.html Information on Syracuse University can be found on their Web page: http://www.syr.edu/ and on the Earth Sciences Department Web page: http://www-hl.syr.edu/departments/gol/facstaff.html -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Have a Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year! Alan G Jones Ottawa, December 9, 1996 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- >>>Appendix: Email list ======================= IAGA Working Group I.2 Internet email list: 6 December 1996 ------------------------------------------------------------ Changes noted since listing dated: 4 June 1996 Additions/corrections/deletions to: jones@cg.nrcan.gc.ca Temporary addresses identified by termination date ? instead of the address indicates that mail was returned from that address when last sent. I would appreciate receiving the correct email address. IUGG/IAGA/ILP Officers: ----------------------- Peter Wyllie President IUGG wyllie@gps.caltech.edu Georges Balmino Secretary-General, IUGG balmino@pontos.cst.cnes.fr Soren Gregersen Treasurer, IUGG srg@kms.min.dk Masaru Kono President, IAGA mkono@geoph.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp JoAnn Joselyn Secretary-General, IAGA jjoselyn@sel.noaa.gov Ken Hoffman Chair, Div I, IAGA khoffman@pandora.physics.calpoly.edu Bruce Hobbs Co-Chair, Div I, IAGA bah@castle.ed.ac.uk Alan Green President, ILP alan@augias.geo.phys.ethz.ch Joerge Erzinger Secretary-Treasurer, ILP ilp@gfz-potsdam.de Active EM Researchers: ---------------------- Daria Abramova Troitsk lelkov@teplostar.msk.ru Toni Adam Sopron adam@ggki.hu Ashok Agarwal UVic numod@uvvm.uvic.ca Mioara Alexandrescu Paris mioara@ipgp.jussieu.fr Jorge Arzate Mexico ? B R Aurora IIG, Bombay bra@iigm0.ernet.in Dmitry Avdeev Troitsk avdeev@igemi4.emsoft.transit.ru <---CHGD Karsten Bahr Goettingen kbahr@willi.uni-geophys.gwdg.de David Bailey Edinburgh dsbailey@glg.edinburgh.ac.uk Dick Bailey UofT bailey@geophy.physics.utoronto.ca Roger Banks Edinburgh rbanks@glg.ed.ac.uk I S Barashkov Moscow ? N Basavaiah IIG, Bombay bas@iigm0.ernet.in Ahmet T. Basokur Ankara basokur@science.ankara.edu.tr Oliver Baumer Braunschweig oliver@geophys.nat.tu-bs.de Dave Beamish BGS d.beamish@bgs.ac.uk Roberto Benassi Geosystem gsy@geosystem.it Mark Berdichevsky Moscow berd@geo.geol.msu.su <---CHANGED N I Berezina Moscow berezina@cs.msu.su Mel Best PGC mbest@gsc.NRcan.gc.ca <---CHANGED Hugh Bibby IGNS, NZ srwghmb@m2g.gns.cri.nz Axel Bjornsson Iceland axel@norvol.hi.is Dave Boerner GSC boerner@cg.NRcan.gc.ca <---CHANGED John Booker UW booker@geophys.washington.edu Carla Braitenberg Trieste zadro@univ.trieste.it Heinrich Brasse FU Berlin hbrasse@fub46.zedat.fu-berlin.de Colin Brown Galway 0003067S@bodkin.ucg.ie Grant Caldwell IGNS, NZ srwgtgc@m2g.gns.cri.nz Wally Campbell USGS, Denver ? Abel Carrasquilla NFS Uni, Brazil abel@lenep.uenf.br Vaclav Cerv GFU Prague ? F H Chamalaun Flinders mgfhc@cc.flinders.edu.au Alan Chave Woods Hole alan@faraday.whoi.edu Chien-chih Chen Taiwan s123@sal.gep.ncu.edu.tw J Chen UVic geocj321@uvvm.uvic.ca E Chandrasekhar Bombay esekhar@iigm0.ernet.in Arvidas B. Cheryauka U.I. GG&M acher@uiggm.nsc.ru Niels Christensen Aarhus geofnbc@aau.dk Karen Christopherson Chinook chinookgeo@aol.com Steve Constable Scripps sconstable@ucsd.edu Antonio Correia Evora correia@uevora.pt Jim Craven GSC craven@cg.NRcan.gc.ca <---CHANGED Jim Cull Monash jcull@artemis.earth.monash.edu.au Yuli A. Dashevskii Novosibirsk dashevsk@uiggm.nsc.ru Catherine deGroot-Hedlin UCSD cdh@wgasa.ucsd.edu Tatyana Demidova Shirshov internal@glas.apc.org V.I. Dmitriev Moscow dmitriev@cs.msu.su Harry Dosso UVic hdosso@uvic.ca <---NEW Al Duba LLNL alduba@llnl.gov Dhruba Jyoti Dutta Kharagpur dhruba@gg.iitkgp.ernet.in Nigel Edwards U Toronto edwards@geophy.physics.utoronto.ca Gary Egbert Oregon State egbert@oce.orst.edu Markus Eisel GFZ Potsdam eisel@gfz-potsdam.de Rob Ellis Vancouver ellis.robert.rg@bhp.com.au Martin Engels Goettingen mengels@gwdg.de Ercan Erkul GFZ Potsdam ercan@gfz-potsdam.de Rob Evans Woods Hole evans@hades.whoi.edu Mark Everett Texas colt45@beerfrdg.tamu.edu Hjalmar Eysteinsson Iceland he@os.is Eduard Fainberg Troitsk fain@emsoft.transit.ru Colin Farquharson UBC farq@geop.ubc.ca Nader Fathianpour Flinders mgnf@es.flinders.edu.au Alicia Favetto Buenos Aires favetto@df.uba.ar N V Federov ? Igor Fel'dman Moscow emrcing@glas.apc.org Ian Ferguson UofM ferguso@wombat.geop.umanitoba.ca Jean Filloux Scripps jfilloux@ucsd.edu Gaston Fischer Switzerland gfischer@vtx.ch Agusta Flosadottir PMEL agusta@pmel.noaa.gov Elena Fomenko Troitsk fomenko@igemi3.emsoft.transit.ru <---NEW Sergio Fontes CNPq/ON sergio@obsn.on.br Mary Fowler Royal Holloway uhfb042@vax.rhbnc.ac.uk Bernhard Fluche Hannover fluche@gate1.bgr.d400.de Kiyoshi Fujita Kobe fuji-ta@icluna.kobe-u.ac.jp Dmitris Galanopoulos Greece dgalanop@atlas.uoa.ariadne-t.gr Xavier Garcia Barcelona xavierg@natura.geo.ub.es <---NEW Mehran Gharibi Uppsala mg@geofys.uu.se Nick Golubev Troitsk golubev@igemi2.emsoft.transit.ru <---CHG Enrique Gomez-Trevino CICESE egomez@cicese.mx Hendra Grandis Indonesia grandis@ibm.net <---NEW Ross Groom Toronto see PetrosIcon below Jagdish Gupta GSC gupta@cg.NRcan.gc.ca <---CHANGED Marcus Gurk Neuchatel gurk@on.unine.ch <---NEW Volker Haak GFZ Potsdam vhaak@gfz-potsdam.de John Haines IGNS, NZ haines@haines.gns.cri.nz T Harinarayana NGRI, India postmast@csngri.ren.nic.in Abel-Rady Hassaneen Cairo, Egypt gad@frcu.eun.eg Lynn Hastie U.Queensland hastie@kepler.physics.uq.oz.au C. Hatzichristodulu Leicester ch23@leicester.ac.uk Graham Heinson Flinders mggsh@es.flinders.edu.au R Hermanto Tasmania ? Lee Hirsch Exxon lmhirsc@custer.exxon.com Sven-Erik Hjelt Oulu seh@babel.oulu.fi <---CHANGED Bruce Hobbs Edinburgh bah@castle.ed.ac.uk A Hoerdt Cologne hoerdt@ageo.uni-koeln.de Y Honkura Tokio Inst Tech yhonkura@geo.titech.ac.jp Rosemary Hutton Edinburgh rhutton@glg.edinburgh.ac.uk Malcolm Ingham Wellington ingham@matai.vuw.ac.nz Ahmet Mete Isikara Istanbul isikara@boun.edu.tr <---NEW George Jiracek San Diego jiracek@moho.sdsu.edu Hartmut Joedicke Muenster jodicke@uni-muenster.de Malcolm Johnston USGS mal@thebeach.wr.usgs.gov Alan Jones GSC jones@cg.NRcan.gc.ca <---CHANGED Walter Jones Edmonton wjones@terra.phys.ualberta.ca Andreas Junge Frankfurt junge@geophysik.uni-frankfurt.de Pertti Kaikkonen U Oulu pertti.kaikkonen@oulu.fi Gulcin Karlik Istanbul karlik@sariyer.cc.itu.edu.tr Richard Kellett Calgary komex@komex.com <---CHANGED Mark Kitchen GEOSYSTEM mkitchen@geosystem.it <---NEW Toivo Korja Uppsala tk@geofys.uu.se Aida Andreevna Kovtun St. Petersburg kovtun@phim.niif.spb.su <---NEW S.N. Kulik Kiev igpnanu.kiev.ua!root@relay.ua.net Ron Kurtz GSC kurtz@cg.NRcan.gc.ca <---CHANGED Robert Kusi Flinders mgrk@es.flinders.edu.au Alexey Kuvshinov Troitsk akuvsh@igemi4.emsoft.transit.ru <---CHGD Spiros Lakkos London S.Lakkos@city.ac.uk Louis J. Lanzerotti Bell Labs ljl@physics.att.com Jim Larsen NOAA larsen@noaapmel.gov Marcela Lastovickova Prague ml@cspgig11 (BITNET) Lawrie Law PGC law@pgc.NRcan.gc.ca <---CHANGED Juanjo Ledo Barcelona jledo@natura.geo.ub.es Shenghui Li UW shenghui@geophys.washington.edu Xiaobo Li Houston xiaobo.li@waii.com <---CHANGED F E M (Ted) Lilley ANU ted.lilley@anu.edu.au Dean Livelybrooks Oregon dlivelyb@bovine.uoregon.edu <---CHANGED Jukka Liukkonen GS Finland Jukka.Liukkonen@gsf.fi I M Logvinov Kiev as S.N. Kulik Gabriella Losito Florence losito@dicnet.ing.unifi.it Kenneth MacDonald Edinburgh kenny@ed.ac.uk Dave McKirdy Strathclyde cabs17@ccsun.strath.ac.uk Gary McNeice Phoenix gmcneice@netcom.ca Randy Mackie MIT randy@terra.geology.indiana.edu Andras Madarasi ELGI, Hungary h7403ver@ella.hu <---NEW Ted Madden MIT trm@halley.mit.edu Stuart Malin Istanbul malin@boun.edu.tr Adele Manzella Italy adele_m@iirg.pi.cnr.it Alex Marcuello Barcelona alex@natura.geo.ub.es Pierre Maregiano SDSU pmaregia@imagine.sdsu.edu Guy Marquis Strasbourg marquis@eopg.u-strasbg.fr Mario Martinez CICESE mmartinez@cicese.mx Hans-Martin Maurer Western Atlas hmartin@sun102.aws.waii.com <---CHANGED Hansruedi Maurer ETH Zuerich maurer@seismo.ifg.ethz.ch <---NEW Mazhaeva, Olga Moscow mzh@kodama.issp.u-tokyo.ac.jp Maxwell Meju Leicester mxw@le.ac.uk Michel Menvielle Paris michel@planeto.geol.u-psud.fr Dennis Mills Geotools 71175.2513@CompuServe.com N.A. Mershikova Moscow mersikov@cs.msu.su Ali Moradzadeh Flinders mgam@es.flinders.edu.au Frank Morrison Berkeley hfmengeo@garnet.berkeley.edu Carlos Moyano Argentina cmoyano@orbis.conae.gov.ar <---NEW Andreas Mueller GFZ Potsdam elmag@gfz-potsdam.de Martin Mueller Cologne mamue@geo.uni-koeln.de Wolfgang Muller BGR, Hannover wm@mt.hannover.bgr.de <---CHANGED Michela Muschietti Florence muschietti@dicnet.ing.unifi.it <---NEW Darcy Nascimento Edinburgh darcy@glg.edinburgh.ac.uk Greg Newman Sandia ? Ed Nichols Berkeley edn@csem.lbl.gov David Nobes Canterbury d.nobes@geol.canterbury.ac.nz Yasuo Ogawa GSJ, Tsukuba oga@gsj.go.jp Doug Oldenburg UBC doug@geop.ubc.ca Gary Olhoeft Colorado golhoeft@mines.edu <---CHANGED Nils Olsen Copenhagen nio@gfy.ku.dk Arnold Orange 73321.3045@CompuServe.com Ana Osella Buenos Aires osella@dfuba.edu.ar Antonio Padilha INPE, Brazil padilha@das.inpe.br Nick Palshin Shirshov palshin@geo.sio.rssi.ru <---CHANGED Steve Park UC Riverside magneto@ucrmt.ucr.edu Patricia Pastana de Lugao Utah ppdlugao@bingham.mines.utah.edu D. Patella Naples patella@dgvna.dgv.unina.it Sudhir Kumar Paul Flinders mgskp@cc.flinders.edu.au Ken Paulson U Sask cybpsn@sask.usask.ca Laust Pedersen Uppsala lbp@geofys.uu.se Josef Pek GFU Prague ? Louise Pellerin USGS, Denver pellerin@musette.cr.usgs.gov M A Perez-Flores CICESE mperez@cicese.mx Alvaro Peretti Buenos Aires peretti@antar.org.ar Frederic Perrier Bruyeres perrier@ldg.bruyeres.cea.fr Christof Peter Goettingen cpeter@gwdgv1.dnet.gwdg.de Gabor Petho Miskolc petho@gf02.geof.uni-miskolc.hu Risto Pirjola FMI risto.pirjola@fmi.fi Jean-Paul Poirier IPG Paris poirier@ipgp.jussieu.fr Cristina Pomposiello Buenos Aires pompo@cirgeo.edu.ar Anatoly Popov Irkutsk kozh@crust.irkutsk.su Nikolay Uspenskiy St. Petersburg lnpor@niif.spb.su <---NEW Jaume Pous Barecelona jaume@natura.geo.ub.es Carsten Pretzschner Freiburg ? Geoff Pritchard Cambridge geoff@esc.cam.ac.uk Wei Qian Aerodat wei@aerodat.com Pilar Queralt Barcelona pilar@natura.geo.ub.es <---NEW Art Raiche CSIRO araiche@laurel.ocs.mq.edu.au C K Rao IIG kamesh@iigm0.ernet.in Thorkild Rasmussen Uppsala thorkild@sgu.se Volker Rath Berlin volk1638@w413zrz.bg.tu-berlin.de Armin Rauen KTB ? C D Reddy IIG, Bombay cdreddy@iigm0.ernet.in Siegfried Reiprich Potsdam magtec@gfz-potsdam.de <---NEW Luiz Rijo NCGG/UFPa rijo@npgp.ufpa.br Augustinho Rigoti Flinders ? Oliver Ritter Edinburgh oritter@glg.ed.ac.uk Patricia Ritter Edinburgh pritter@glg.ed.ac.uk G F Risk IGNS srwggfr@m2g.gns.cri.nz Jeff Roberts Livermore jeff_roberts@esciqm.es.llnl.gov Roland Roberts Uppsala rr@geofys.uu.se J M Romo CICESE jromo@cicese.mx K K Roy Kharagpur kkroy@gg.iitkgp.ernet.in Claudia Sainato Buenos Aires postmast@fissai.agro.uba.ar Vassilis Sakkas Leicester vs12@leicester.ac.uk Giovanni Santarato Italy v44@ifeuniv.unife.it Fernando Santos Lisbon fraissa@skull.cc.fc.ul.pt <---NEW Alexander K Saraev St.-Petersburg aks@aks.usr.pu.ru <---NEW Alexandros Savvaidis Uppsala alekos@lesvos.geo.auth.gr Adam Schultz Cambridge adam@esc.cam.ac.uk Pierre Schnegg Neuchatel schnegg@on.unine.ch Gerhard Schwarz SGS, Uppsala gerhard@sgu.se <---CHANGED Wolfgang Schwinn Cologne schwinn@geo.uni-koeln.de Vladimir Semenov Warsaw sem@igf.edu.pl Tom Shankland Los Alamos shanklan@seismo5.lanl.gov V Shapiro Russia seva@mplik.e-burg.su Vitaly Shneyer Troitsk shneyer@emsoft.transit.ru V N Shuman Kiev as S.N. Kulik Fiona Simpson Potsdam flsimp@gfz-potsdam.de Agata Siniscalchi Naples as Patella Ajay Kishore Singh Kharagpur ajay@gg.iitkgp.ernet.in Ramesh P Singh Kanpur ramesh@iitk.ernet.in Umesh K. Singh Kanpur uksingh@iitk.ernet.in Weerachai Siripunvaraporn Oregon State wsiripun@oce.orst.edu Elena Sokolova Troitsk igemi3@pop.transit.ru <---NEW Torquil Smith Berkeley torquil@garnet.berkeley.edu Brian Spies CSIRO spies@dem.csiro.au <---CHANGED Spichak, Slava Moscow spichak@grc.msk.ru Maxim Smirnov St. Petersburg smirnov@spock.niif.spb.su <---NEW Klaus Spitzer Ecole spitzer@geo.polymtl.ca Dumitru Stanica Bucharest stanica@igr.ro Dal Stanley USGS ? Wilhelm Stiefelhagen Neuchatel Wilhelm.Stiefelhagen@chyn.unine.ch Johannes Stoll Frankfurt josto@willi.uni-geophys.gwdg.de Kurt Strack Western Atlas kurt.strack@waii.com <---CHANGED Boris Svetov Troitsk svetov@emsoft.transit.ru Lazlo Szarka Sopron h3007sza@ella.hu Tanya Tamarchenko Western Atlas tanya.tamarchenko@wg.waii.com <---NEW Shinich Takakura GSJ shin@gsj.go.jp Shinji Takasugi GERD takasugi@gerd.co.jp Tamarchenko Houston ? Pascal Tarits Brest tarits@catamaran-gw.univ-brest.fr Buelent Tezkan Koeln tezkan@geo.uni-koeln.de David Thomson Bell labs djt@research.att.com Hiroaki Toh U Tokio toh@ori.u-tokyo.ac.jp Carlos Torres-Verdin Schlumberger ctorres@sdr.slb.com Benoit Tournerie Rennes benoit.tournerie@univ-rennes1.fr Jandyr M. Travassos CNPq/ON jandyr@on.br Mustafa Kemal Tuncer Istanbul tuncer@boun.edu.tr Jim Tyburczy Arizona State aojat@asuvm.inre.asu.edu Robert Tyler UW (APL) tyler@apl.washington.edu Andreas Tzanis Athens ? Toshi Uchida GSJ uch@gsj.go.jp Emin Ulugergerli Leicester euu1@leicester.ac.uk Martyn Unsworth UW unsworth@geophys.washington.edu Nikolay Uspenskiy St. Petersburg kovtun@phim.niif.spb.su <---NEW H Utada ERI, Tokyo utada@utada-sun.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp M Uyeshima ERI, Tokyo uyeshima@utada-sun.eri.u-tokyo.ac.jp Slava Vagin St. Petersburg kovtun@phim.niif.spb.su <---NEW Val Valiant Edinburgh mjv@glg.ed.ac.uk <---NEW Leonid Vanyan Shirshov vanyan@geo.sio.rssi.ru <---CHANGED Ivan Varentsov Troitsk varents@igemi1.emsoft.transit.ru <---CHG Geza Varga ELGI, Hungary h7403ver@ella.hu <---NEW Panagiotis Varotsos Athens pvaro@leon.nrcps.ariadne-t.gr Izabella Vardaniants St. Petersburg kovtun@phim.niif.spb.su <---NEW Marko Viljakainen U Oulu mviljaka@babel.oulu.fi <---NEW Ari Viljanen FMI, Helsinki Ari.Viljanen@fmi.fi Keeva Vozoff Sydney harbourd@ozemail.com.au <---NEW Julian Vrbancich Australia vrbancich@modsyd.mrl.dsto.defence.gov.au Harve Waff U Oregon ? Peter Walker ? B J Wanamaker U of Minn bwana@maroon.tc.umn.edu Liejun Wang ANU Liejun.Wang@anu.edu.au Phil Wannamaker UURI pewanna@mines.utah.edu Don Watts GeoSystem gsy@geosystem.it John Weaver UVic weaver@uvphys.phys.uvic.ca Gordon West Toronto west@physics.utoronto.ca <---CHANGED Peter Weidelt Braunsweig oliver@geophys.nat.tu-bs.de Chester Weiss Texas A&M guinness@beerfrdg.tamu.edu <---NEW Kathy Whaler Edinburgh kathy.whaler@ed.ac.uk Tony White Flinders mgaw@es.flinders.edu.au Andrew Wilson Edinburgh ajsw@ed.ac.uk Helmuth Winter Munich winter@geoelek.geophysik.uni-muenchen.de Jim Wright MUN jim@convex.esd.mun.ca Nong Wu UW nong@geophys.washington.edu Rick Wunderman Smithsonian rwunder@volcano.si.edu <---NEW Zonghou Xiong CRC AMET zxiong@laurel.ocs.mq.edu.au Yegorov Shirshov yegorov@geo.sio.rssi.ru <---CHANGED Oya Yazici-Cakin Istanbul cakin@boun.edu.tr Chuck Young Michigan ctyoung@mtu.edu Gerhard Zacher Koeln zacher@track.geo.uni-koeln.de Peter Zalai ELGI, Hungary zalai@titasz.hu <---NEW Annalisa Zaja Padova terra03@ipdunivx (BITNET) Andrea Zerilli AGIP zerilli@agip.geis.com Bob Zhamaletdinov Murmansk zham@ksc-gi.murmansk.su Ping Zhang Sudbury 76623.663@compuserve.com Shengkai Zhao ? Mikhail Zhdanov Utah mzhdanov@mines.utah.edu Bension Zinger ? Zhao Guoze SSB, Beijing zhaogz@public.bta.net.cn Groups/Companies: GEOTOOLS 71175.2513@CompuServe.com PetrosIcon 76632.20@compuserve.com Phoenix gmcneice@netcom.ca Russian Geophysical Committee ? Troitsk EM group* igemi1@pop.transit.ru <---CHANGED Shirshov Institute of Oceanology geoph@geo.sio.rssi.ru <---CHANGED *: Use Troitsk mailing address to a scientist at Troitsk for any email with a length greater then 25 kB.